On June 14, 2014, Geraldine Pace, a 71 year old retired teacher, fell in a parking lot and suffered a comminuted fracture of her left hip that required open reduction internal fixation surgery the next day with the insertion of a rod and screws into her femur.

The surgery was performed correctly and, four

On April 30, 2016, Gabriel Suarez sustained a hip injury when he tripped and fell over a roadway speed bump while running on Roosevelt Avenue, a private road in Southampton, near where he’d recently bought a weekend home.

Mr. Suarez, then a 49 year old Manhattan resident, sued the adjoining homeowners claiming that they failed

On February 12, 2013, Lusia Reinoso, a 61 year old home health aide, was exiting a city bus down the wheelchair ramp behind her patient who was in a motorized wheelchair when, without warning, the ramp was activated and Reinoso was propelled onto the sidewalk.

In Ms. Reinoso’s ensuing lawsuit, the jury found the